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Dictionar De Motive Si Simboluri Literare.pdf Alfred Vrancu, a Romanian poet and essayist of the early 20th century, described a new literary genre that he called "the new symbolism". In his opinion, the symbolist literature older than his age had been limited by its desire to be close to reality and thus was unable to escape from reality's limits. In the new symbolism, the poet is left entirely free from any kind of aesthetic or social constraint. In order for this freedom not to get in conflict with poetry's purpose of expressing emotions and sensations evoked by life itself, however, it must be used according to some principles. Vrancu drew attention to the fact that many of the new poets had abandoned the expression of sensations "as if it were matter for experimentation". In Italy, a group of young writers formed a nucleus which was to become known as the school of the "Scrittori di Piazza del Popolo". The group formed around a literary review called "Piazza del Popolo" and a name under which they signed their works: "Gruppo dei Sei" (Group of Six). From 1928, members started to abandon this practice. The original nucleus includes: Luigi Pirandello, Dino Campana, Mario Luzi, Giovanni Comisso and Eugenio Montale. In the early years, the group of writers focused on their own experience and observation of everyday things. In their work, the external world became a symbol for a metaphysical realm. Their poetry was a succession of images pointing toward a sort of transcendental vision. However, members later started to pay more attention to symbolism as opposed to this kind of impressionism and individualism which they had originally practised. Their interest in symbolism was also probably due to reading contemporary French poets who had turned toward symbolism after some time. From this period, Montale remains as an important poet. He won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1999. Montale was influenced by Curzio Malaparte, who had converted to Catholicism and was made a cardinal. He claimed that this conversion was an act of inner revolt against dogmatism and also against the immobility of the Catholic Church. The group of "Scrittori di Piazza del Popolo" (Writers on the Piazza del Popolo) was formed in 1928 at the Duomo di Milano in Milan, Italy. The members were Dino Campana, Mario Luzi, Luigi Pirandello, Eugenio Montale and Giovanni Comisso. Since the mid-20th century many Italian poets, novelists and essayists have moved beyond traditional literary boundaries. Their works often contain elements of fantasy or surrealism, sometimes very explicit (such as the novels of Italo Calvino), or even neorealism (such as Pier Paolo Pasolini). Marcello Fondato was an Italian writer who has always been interested in different techniques used in writing. He was one of the pioneers of the concrete poetry movement. He started to write concrete poetry after meeting Eugenio Montale who introduced him to this new genre. Hermann Hesse is one of the most important German-language writers of the twentieth century. eccc085e13
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